After the destruction of the Temple , the mikveh's main uses remained as follows:. Most forms of ritual impurity can be purified through immersion in any natural collection of water. However, some impurities, such as a zav , require "living water", [5] such as springs or groundwater wells. Living water has the further advantage of being able to purify even while flowing, as opposed to rainwater which must be stationary in order to purify. The mikveh is designed to simplify this requirement, by providing a bathing facility that remains in contact with a natural source of water. In Orthodox Judaism , these regulations are steadfastly adhered to, and, consequently, the mikveh is central to an Orthodox Jewish community; they formally hold in Conservative Judaism as well. The existence of a mikveh is considered so important that a Jewish community is required to construct a mikveh even before building a synagogue , and must go to the extreme of selling Torah scrolls or even a synagogue if necessary, to provide funding for its construction. In the Hebrew Bible , the word is employed in its broader sense, but generally means a collection of water. Before the beginning of the first century BCE, neither written sources, nor archaeology gives any indication about the existence of specific installations used for ritual cleansing. The traditional rules regarding the construction of a mikveh are based on those specified in classical rabbinical literature.


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